The most common health problems include
cardiovascular diseases (such as high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, and heart failure),
metabolic disorders (primarily
type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome), and
respiratory issues (including
sleep apnea and asthma).
Other prevalent complications involve:
- Musculoskeletal disorders: Osteoarthritis and gout, caused by increased physical stress on joints and systemic inflammation.
- Liver disease: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to cirrhosis.
- Cancer: Elevated risks for endometrial, breast, colon, kidney, esophageal, pancreatic, and liver cancers.
- Mental health: Higher prevalence of clinical depression and anxiety.
- Other conditions: Kidney disease, gallbladder disease, and fertility issues.